Valueerror: at least one array or dtype is required

Explanation of ValueError: at least one array or dtype is required

The ValueError with the message “at least one array or dtype is required” is raised in Python when a function or method that expects an array or a data type as input is called without providing any arguments.

Let’s consider an example:

    import numpy as np
    
    # Calling np.array without any arguments
    arr = np.array()  # Raises ValueError: at least one array or dtype is required
  

In this example, np.array() is called without providing any values. The np.array() function expects at least one array or a data type to be passed as an argument. Since no arguments are provided, it raises a ValueError with the given message.

To fix this error, you need to pass a valid array or a data type to the function. Here is an updated example:

    # Creating an array with values
    arr = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
  

In this updated example, an array [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] is passed as an argument to np.array(). Now the function receives a valid input and can create the array successfully without raising any errors.

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