when i translate a typescript module, it is not read by the browser because it complains that all the modules must be placed in the same directory as index.html

You shouldn’t publish modules to the browser. Instead you should use something like webpack (https://webpack.js.org/) to bundle them for the browser.

Since you have a fullstack app, you will need to compile the TS twice:
* Once for node.js using tsc
* Once for browser using webpack

Additional Resources

• I also have a free video on the subject.