A StackOverflowException occurs in C# when the call stack, which is the part of the computer’s memory used for executing code, has reached its maximum limit. This generally happens when a function calls itself recursively without reaching a base case or termination condition, causing an infinite loop.
To better understand this, let’s consider an example:
using System;
public class StackOverflowExample
{
public static void RecursiveMethod()
{
RecursiveMethod(); // Recursive call without termination condition
}
public static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
RecursiveMethod(); // Start recursive method
}
catch(StackOverflowException ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Error: " + ex.Message);
}
}
}
In the code above, we have a RecursiveMethod that calls itself indefinitely. When we execute this program, it will eventually result in a StackOverflowException being thrown because the call stack is exhausted.
To handle this exception, we can use a try-catch block to catch the StackOverflowException and perform any necessary actions. In the example code, we catch the exception and print an error message containing the exception’s message.
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