[Django]-Import error 'force_text' from 'django.utils.encoding'

in django 4.0 we dont have force_text

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.0/ref/utils/#module-django.utils.encoding

instead change force_text to force_str

linux:

YOUR_VENV/lib/PYTHON_VERSION/site-packages/graphene_django/utils/utils.py

windows:

YOUR_VENV/lib/site-packages/graphene_django/utils/utils.py

from django.utils.encoding import force_text

to

from django.utils.encoding import force_str

and

def _camelize_django_str(s):
    if isinstance(s, Promise):
        s = force_text(s)
    return to_camel_case(s) if isinstance(s, six.string_types) else s

to

def _camelize_django_str(s):
    if isinstance(s, Promise):
        s = force_str(s)
    return to_camel_case(s) if isinstance(s, six.string_types) else s

Based on answer given by @Osman.

The problem seems to be occuring with Django-4. Till the PR gets merged, probably this monkeypatching might work (not tested in prod):

import django
from django.utils.encoding import force_str
django.utils.encoding.force_text = force_str

Put this in entryfile. I kept it in settings.py for time being.

In Django version 4> just paste this snippet to your settinsg.py. Preferably on the top

    import django
    from django.utils.encoding import force_str
    django.utils.encoding.force_text = force_str

force_text is removed from Django 4.0 but the old version of graphene_django still uses force_text in utils.py. *You can see Features removed in 4.0.

So, upgrading graphene-django will solve the error easily:

pip install graphene-django --upgrade

Or, replace force_text with force_str as shown below:

# "utils.py"

# from django.utils.encoding import force_text # Line 6
from django.utils.encoding import force_str # Line 6

# s = force_text(s) # Line 29
s = force_str(s) # Line 29

These are the paths to utils.py for Linux and Windows:

Linux:

<your_venv>/lib/<python_version>/site-packages/graphene_django/utils/utils.py

Windows:

<your_venv>/lib/site-packages/graphene_django/utils/utils.py

adding the following to the requirements.txt solved it:

django<=3

You can install graphene-django version 3.0.0b7
run the following command in your terminal:

pip install graphene-django==3.0.0b7 

It’s beta version, but i don’t know why graphene-django 2.15 does’nt work, when patch note said they fixed issue since 2.8.1 version.

Thank’s to @Behoston from this Github issue for this solution

I have been running into a similar issue whereby including "graphql_jwt.refresh_token.apps.RefreshTokenConfig" in INSTALLED_APPS leads to the following import error:

ImportError: cannot import name 'force_text' from 'django.utils.encoding'

I added this at the top of settings.py:

import django
from django.utils.encoding import force_str
django.utils.encoding.force_text = force_str

And was greeted with this error:

ImportError: cannot import name 'ugettext' from 'django.utils.translation'

Where I then added the following to the top of settings.py:

from django.utils.translation import gettext, gettext_lazy
django.utils.translation.ugettext = gettext
django.utils.translation.ugettext_lazy = gettext_lazy

And delightfully resolved this error:

TypeError: __init__() got an unexpected keyword argument 'providing_args'

Django version 4.2.

For people that want a release independent version:

try:
    from django.utils.encoding import force_text
except:
    from django.utils.encoding import force_str as force_text