[Vuejs]-How to make my controllers post to process files with multer npm in frontend vus js and backend nodejs I don't happen recover files in backend?

It seems you did not send the formData and sent this.file instead on the axios call.
This is what you worte in your post:

axios
  .post("http://localhost:3000/poste", this.file)

This is what to do:

axios
  .post("http://localhost:3000/poste", formData)

[UPDATE]

It alse seems you should do formData.append('image', this.file) because on the backend you used "image" as filename:

module.exports = multer({ storage: storage }).single("image");