12๐
You can perform database-level bitwise operations with F objects.
If field is non-negative, it means that condition field & mask > 0
can be re-written as (field > 0) AND (field >= (field & mask))
. If you want to check if all bits of mask
apply ((field & mask) == mask
), you can build previous expression for each bit and then merge conditions via sql AND
. Please see example how it can be done. (Custom QuerySet is just for convenience. If you use old django versions you can implement has_one_of
and has_all
as separate functions or classmethods, or better PathThroughManager). Note 1 * F
is a workaround to force parenthesis over bitwise operation, otherwise django (as for version 1.5) will produce bad sql (colors >= colors & mask
, comparison has higher priority, so it will mean TRUE & mask
)
import operator
from django.db import models
from django.db.models import Q, F
_bit = lambda x: 2**(x-1)
RED = _bit(1)
GREEN = _bit(2)
BLUE = _bit(3)
WHITE = _bit(4)
class ItemColorsQuerySet(models.QuerySet):
def has_one_of(self, colors):
"""
Only those that has at least one of provided colors
"""
return self.filter(
colors__gt=0,
# field value contains one of supplied color bits
colors__lt=F('colors') + (1 * F('colors').bitand(reduce(operator.or_, colors, 0)))
)
def has_all(self, colors):
"""
Has all provided colors (and probably others)
"""
# filter conditions for all supplied colors:
# each one is "field value has bit that represents color"
colors_q = map(lambda c: Q(colors__gte=1 * F('colors').bitand(c)), colors)
# one complex Q object merged via sql AND:
# colors>0 and all color-bit conditions
filter_q = reduce(operator.and_, colors_q, Q(colors__gt=0))
return self.filter(filter_q)
class Item(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
# can handle many colors using bitwise logic. Zero means no color is set.
colors = models.PositiveIntegerField(default=0)
objects = ItemColorsQuerySet.as_manager()
11๐
same like @Ivan Klass
,
You can use bitand
or bitor
from django orm F,
# filter Red and Blue(0101)
Color.objects.annotate(
color_filter=F('color').bitand(0101)
).filter(color_filter__gte=0101)
# filter Red or Blue(0101)
Color.objects.annotate(
color_filter=F('color').bitand(0101)
).filter(color_filter__gt=0)
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10๐
For postgres db you might use .extra() params with django orm.
For example:
SomeModel.objects.extra(where=['brand_label & 3 = 3'])
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