In Python, a dictionary (dict) is not a sequence type like lists or tuples. Instead, it is an unordered collection of key-value pairs. Here’s a detailed explanation with examples:
- Keys: A dictionary’s keys are unique and immutable objects, such as strings or numbers, that are used to retrieve corresponding values.
- Values: Each key is associated with a value, which can be of any type and can be mutable or immutable.
To create a dictionary, we use curly braces {} and separate the key-value pairs using colons (:). Let’s see an example:
my_dict = {'name': 'John', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}
print(my_dict)
The output will be:
{'name': 'John', 'age': 25, 'city': 'New York'}
To access the value associated with a particular key, we can use square brackets [] along with the key. For example:
print(my_dict['name'])
This will output:
John
Dictionaries are mutable, so we can modify their values or add new key-value pairs. We can also delete items using the del keyword. Let’s illustrate this with an example:
my_dict['age'] = 26 # modifying value
my_dict['city'] = 'San Francisco' # modifying value
my_dict['job'] = 'Developer' # adding new key-value pair
del my_dict['city'] # deleting a key-value pair
print(my_dict)
The updated dictionary will be:
{'name': 'John', 'age': 26, 'job': 'Developer'}